Cardiac Myotrophin Exhibits rel/NF-κB Interacting Activity in Vitro

Abstract

Myotrophin is a soluble-12 kilodalton protein isolated from hypertrophied spontaneously hypertensive rat and dilated cardiomyopathic human hearts. We have recently cloned the gene coding for myotrophin and expressed it in Escherichia coli. In the present study, the expression of myotrophin gene was analyzed, and at least seven transcripts have been detected in rat heart and in other tissues. We have further analyzed the primary structure of myotrophin protein and identified significant new structural and functional domains. Our analysis revealed that one of the ankyrin repeats of myotrophin is highly homologous specifically to those of myotrophin is highly homologous specifically to those of I kappa B alpha/rel ankyrin repeats. In addition, putative consensus phosphorylation sites for protein kinase C and casein kinase II, which were observed in I kappa B alpha proteins, were identified in myotrophin. To verify the significance of these homologies, kappa B gel shift assays were performed with Jurkat T cell nuclear extract proteins and the recombinant myotrophin. Results of these assays indicate that the recombinant myotrophin has the ability to interact with NF-kappa B/rel proteins as revealed by the formation of ternary protein-DNA complexes. While myotrophin-specific antibodies inhibited the formation of these complexes, rel-specific p50 and p65 antibodies supershifted these complexes. Thus, these results clearly indicate that the myotrophin protein to be a unique rel/NF-kappa B interacting protein.