Abstract
The continuing application of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) has led to an increasing concern regarding disturbances in the tricuspid valve (TV). The most prevalent TV issue related to lead implantation is tricuspid regurgitation. CIED-induced tricuspid regurgitation is associated with emerging or worsening preexisting heart failure and increased mortality rate. Because discontinuing the implantation of these instruments is not feasible, further knowledge of their mechanical problems may lead to advancements. This review addresses the available data regarding CIED-induced tricuspid regurgitation, elucidating its plausible pathomechanisms, diagnostic methods, and prospective treatments.
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