Abstract
Aim of study: The aim of the study was to determine the baseline carbon stock in forest floor and mineral soils in pine and oak stands in acid soils in Northern Spain.Area of study: The study area is situated in northern Spain (42° N, 4° W) on “Paramos y Valles” region of PalenciaMaterial and methods: An extensive monitoring composed of 48 plots (31 in pine and 17 in oak stands) was carried out. Litter layers and mineral soil samples, at depths of 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm, were taken in each plot. An intensive monitoring was also performed by sampling 12 of these 48 plots selected taken in account species forest composition and their stand development stage. Microbial biomass C (CMB), C mineralization (CRB), and soil organic C balance at stand level were determined in surface soil samples of intensive monitoring.Main results: No differences in soil C content were detected in the two forest ecosystems up to 60 cm depth (53.0±25.8 Mg C ha-1 in Pinus spp. plantations and 60.3±43.8 Mg C ha-1 in oak stands). However, differences in total C (CT), CMB and CRB were found in the upper 10 cm of the soils depending on the stand development stage in each species forest composition (Pinus nigra, Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris and Quercus pyrenaica). Plots with high development stage exhibited significant lower metabolic quotient (qCO2), so, meant more efficient utilization of C by the microbial community. The C content in the forest floor was higher in pine stands (13.7±0.9 Mg C ha-1) than in oak stands (5.4±0.7 Mg C ha-1). A greater turnover time was found in pine ecosystems vs. oak stands. In contrast, forest floor H layer was nonexistent in oak stands.Research highlights: Results about litterfall, forest floor and mineral soil dynamics in this paper can be used strategically to reach environmental goals in new afforestation programs and sustainable forest management approaches.Keywords: C stocks; pine; Quercus pyrenaica; litter; metabolic quotient (qCO2).
Highlights
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest terrestrial pool of carbon and, at least, three times larger than the pool of atmospheric CO2 (Jobbágy & Jackson, 2000)
Aim of study: The aim of the study was to determine the baseline carbon stock in forest floor and mineral soils in pine and oak stands in acid soils in Northern Spain
Between forest ecosystems, in the upper depth, while significant smaller values were found in pH, Cation exchange capacity (CEC), exchangeable K and Mg, sum of the bases (SB) and N concentration in Pinus spp. than in oak stands, a significant higher value of C/N was found at this depth in Pinus spp
Summary
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest terrestrial pool of carbon and, at least, three times larger than the pool of atmospheric CO2 (Jobbágy & Jackson, 2000). All signatory countries in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change have to implement a national system for reporting carbon stock changes in the agriculture, forests and other land uses sector (Schulp et al, 2008). As part of such a system, countries must quantify the size, spatial distribution and changes to their soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. It has been shown that the amount of litter accumulated in the forest floor is influenced by the nutrient capital of the stand as well as the decomposition rate of the litterfall. As the soil C pool is mostly determined by the balance between C input by litterfall and rhizodeposition and the release of C during decomposition; this part of the C cycling must be taken into account
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