Carbon-based nanomaterials: Synthesis and prospective applications

Abstract

Abstract Carbon has been one of the chief elements in the civilization of the earth. It forms strong bonds than any other materials in different forms. In the past three decades, several carbon-based nanomaterials have been developed through various synthesis processes. Their unique morphology and multifaceted properties have enabled them to be used in multidisciplinary fields. Energy storage and production, water and wastewater treatment, and biomedical employment are few applications of carbon-based nanomaterials. This paper lays emphasis on the four most outstanding carbon-based nanomaterials i.e. carbon nanotubes, buckminsterfullerene, activated carbon, and graphene oxide. A comprehensive description of the various synthesis methods and cross-disciplinary applications have been discussed. This review also highlights the challenges faced whilst giving a methodical approach to the potential use of carbon-based nanomaterials. The study is aimed to provide a close evaluation of these materials which will be useful for the future development of carbon-based nanomaterials and will attract a broad area of applications.