Carbohydrate Characterization and Exploitation

Abstract

Carbohydrates, a crucial macronutrient, play a pivotal role in serving as the primary source of energy for the human body. These essential compounds are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, and are abundantly present in a diverse range of food items, encompassing fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products. The aim of this essay is to delve into the intricate aspects of carbohydrates, including their structure, classification, functions, and sources, while simultaneously exploring their profound influence on human health and nutrition. Moreover, this essay also aims to tackle the challenges and opportunities associated with utilizing carbohydrates as agricultural biomass on a global scale, highlighting the immense potential of agricultural biomass as a viable energy source. In addition, this analysis will focus on recent advancements in the field, specifically on the application of carbohydrate processing enzymes as biocatalysts for various purposes, particularly in biomass degradation. The ever-increasing global demand for energy, coupled with the alarming levels of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the utilization of fossil fuels and their detrimental impact on the environment, further emphasizes the urgent need to explore alternative energy sources.