Caractères ultrastructuraux du pollen de quelques Podostémales. Affinités avec les Rosidae évoluées

Abstract

The order Podostemales are two pantropical families of aquatic plants living in running water: Tristichaceae (five genera, ten species) and Podostemaceae (35 genera, 200 species). Pollen of the 26 genera and 62 species studied is characterized by: a granular infratectum in which the granules are sometimes organized as columellae like units, and a lamellar and/or granular endexine in all pollen types, single or in dyads. Most of the apertural characters and the ornamentation of the exine allow us to distinguish the previously established taxonomic groups: Weddellinoideae have tricolporate rugulo-areolate, pollen with a smooth apertural membrane; in Tristichoideae, pollen is periporate and the microspines of the tectum and of the apertural membrane are massive; in Podostemaceae, the tectal spines with their broad bulbous base are formed from numerous masses of sporopollenin, the endexine is microfibrillar at the base, the apertural membrane is constituted of structured ectexinous masses, and the endexine is granular at the aperture. Presence of the tricolporate pollen type associates the Podostemales with the higher eudicotyledons. Most of the pollen characters of Podostemales and their variations are found among advanced Rosidae (Hamamelidales, Polygalales, Santalales, Violales, Euphorbiaceae).