CARACTERÍSTICAS DA FORÇA MUSCULAR ISOCINÉTICA NA ARTICULAÇÃO DO JOELHO EM ATLETAS DE SALTO EM ALTURA

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Vertical jump is inherent to the practice of high jump and demands great capacity of force generation and work of the knee muscles, especially the quadriceps muscle. Due to this demand, imbalances between the extensor and flexor knee muscles may be present, leading to an overload of the musculotendinous structures of the knee joint. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the characteristics of isokinetic muscle strength in the knee joint of these athletes. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the biomechanical properties of the knee flexor and extensor muscles in high jump athletes. Methods: Ten high jumpers volunteered for the experiment. They were divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups performed basic strength training. The experimental group added isokinetic knee muscle training based on this training. Statistical analyses were performed on the training data of the two groups of athletes using relevant mathematical statistics. Results: The high jump consists of four phases being respectively the approach run, the jump itself (impulsion, elevation, transposition), and the fall. The strength of the ankle joint dorsiflexion and plantar flexors was significantly increased in the experimental group of athletes. In contrast, the strength of the plantar flexors in the control group was significantly increased. Statistical differences were found between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The isokinetic knee joint strength training mode can improve the leg support strength of jumpers. This paper suggests that high jump athletes can further adopt this lower limb strength training method. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.