Abstract
espanolObjetivos: Realizar un analisis morfometrico y quimico de distintas particulas oseas de relleno utilizadas para tratamientos de regeneracion osea guiada en odontologia. Metodos: Se analizaron distintas particulas oseas comerciales de origen alogenico (OS, UNC y MO), xenogenico (BO) y aloplastico (GP). Se utilizo como control tejido oseo obtenido de cirugia de dientes retenidos. Para el analisis morfometrico se analizaron las particulas oseas con lupa estereoscopica y se determino el tamano medio de las mismas. En el analisis quimico se utilizo el microanalisis por energia dispersiva de rayos X (EPXMA). Para ello las muestras fueron criodesecadas, recubiertas en carbon y analizadas en un microscopio electronico de barrido con el fin de determinar en forma cuantitativa (mmol/kg) los elementos de Ca y P. Asimismo, se determino la relacion Ca/P de cada grupo experimental. Resultados: El analisis morfometrico mostro que los tamanos medios de particulas oseas (mm) en orden creciente fue: UNC: 0,45; OS: 0,48; BO: 0,65; GP: 0,76; MO: 0,88. Cuando realizamos el analisis microanalitico observamos que todas las particulas oseas de relleno poseian una concentracion de Ca menor al control. Por otra parte, MO presento una concentracion de P estadisticamente superior con respecto a las demas particulas oseas y al control. La relacion Ca/P mostro ser estadisticamente menor en MO con respecto a los demas grupos experimentales. Conclusiones: La caracterizacion morfologica y quimica de las particulas oseas de relleno permitio conocer con mayor precision el tamano de las particulas oseas asi como la concentracion de Ca y P presente en las mismas, datos que utilizados junto a otras valoraciones clinicas permitiria obtener un tratamiento de regeneracion osea guiada mas efectivo en odontologia. EnglishPurpose: To perform a morphometric and chemical analysis of different bone graft materials used for guided bone regeneration treatments in dentistry. Methods: allogenic bone graft (OS, UNC and MO), xenogenic bone graft (BO) and alloplastic bone graft (GP), were analyzed. The bone tissue obtained from retained teeth surgery was used as a control. The morphometric analysis of particles was performed by using a stereoscopic magnifying glass and the average particle size was determined. Besides, X-ray dispersive energy microanalysis (EPXMA) was used in the chemical analysis. Bone graft particles were freeze dried, coated with carbon and analyzed in a scanning electron microscope in order to quantitatively determine (mmol/kg) the elements Ca and P. Ca/P ratio was determined for each experimental group. Results: Morphometric analysis showed that the mean bone particle size (mm) in increasing order was: UNC: 0.45; OS: 0.48; BO: 0.65; GP: 0.76; MO: 0.88. Microanalytical analysis showed that the Ca concentration in different experimental groups is less than the control. On the other hand, MO presented a statistically higher concentration of P than the other particles and the control. Ca/P ratio was statistically lower in MO compared to the other experimental groups. Conclusions: The morphological and chemical characterization of the bone particles allowed to know with greater precision the particle size, as well as the concentration of Ca and P present in them, data that should be used together with other clinical evaluations for guided bone regeneration treatments in dentistry.
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