Caracterización clínica y genética de leucemias pediátricas en Montería-Córdoba.

Abstract

Introduction: leukemias are characterized by the infiltration of malignant cells from the hematopoietic system to the bone marrow and other tissues. 95% of childhood leukemias are acute, of which 75% are lymphoid and 25% myeloid. Although the survival rate can reach up to 90% in high-income countries, for middle- and low-income countries it can vary from 20 to 40%, depending on social and clinical factors that are determinant for survival in the pediatric age. Objective: to describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of a retrospective cohort of pediatric patients with leukemia, in a high complexity clinic in Montería-Córdoba. Methodology: Retrospective cohort study of 124 subjects aged 1-18 years. Frequencies were calculated and associated factors were identified using Ji-square in SPSS 27.0. Results: the highest proportion of patients were men (54.8%), aged 1-5 years (38.7%); 83.1% with lymphoblastic leukemia and 14.5% myeloblastic, the majority with affiliation to the subsidized regime. The clinical and genetic characteristics were not associated with sociodemographic variables. Conclusion: The main leukemias were type B ALL, a higher probability of splenomegaly was found in ALL and more advanced risk levels in AML, determining information to optimize care actions for this pathology