Abstract
Eye size is adapted to ecological and behavioral conditions. Large eyes provide hawks and dragonflies with high spatial resolution, and owls, nocturnal bees and deep-sea fish with high sensitivity [1–4]. Conversely, eyes are reduced when the need for vision diminishes, exemplified by the subterranean naked mole rat and cave-dwelling fish, crayfish and crickets [5]. These adaptations suggest that eye size responds to selection but, as far as we know, there are no reports of eye size changing progressively over time in response to changes in selection pressure, possibly because slow changes are difficult to detect.
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