Abstract
Background and Study Aims. Capsule endoscopy is an established tool for investigation of the small intestine. Because of limited clinical experience in patients with cardiac devices, the Food and Drug Administration and the manufacturer recommended not to use capsule endoscopy in these patients. The vast majority of investigations did not reveal any interference between capsule endoscopy and cardiac devices. Methods. Studies investigating interference between CE and cardiac devices were analysed. For the review we considered studies published in English or German and indexed in Medline, as well as highly relevant abstracts. Results. In vitro and in vivo studies mainly revealed no interference between capsule endoscopy and cardiac devices. Technical data of capsule endoscopy (Given Imaging) reveal that interference with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillator is impossible. Telemetry can interfere with CE video. Conclusion. The clinical use of capsule endoscopy (Given Imaging) is unproblematic in patients with cardiac pacemakers.
Highlights
Capsule endoscopy (CE) is an established tool for investigation of the small intestine
The vast majority of investigations did not reveal any interference between capsule endoscopy and cardiac devices
In vitro and in vivo studies mainly revealed no interference between capsule endoscopy and cardiac devices
Summary
Capsule endoscopy (CE) is an established tool for investigation of the small intestine. Because of limited clinical experience of CE in patients with cardiac pacemaker (PM)/ implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), the Food and Drug Administration, as well the manufacturers Given Imaging and Olympus, recommended not using CE in these patients. The vast majority of published investigations did not reveal any interference between small bowel capsule endoscopy (Given Imaging Ltd., Yogneam, Israel; Olympus Medical Systems Corp., Tokyo, Japan), Pill Cam Colon (Given Imaging Ltd., Yogneam, Israel) on the one hand, and cardiac pacemakers and ICD on the other hand. For this paper we considered studies published in German or English and indexed in Medline and current abstracts of high relevance
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