Abstract
The notion that we are living in an interdependent world has become an insistent catch-phrase in recent years. It is a phrase which has been adopted with particular vigour by geographers, who have tended to see it either in the liberal-interventionist terms set out by Brookfield (1975), or in the more pessimistic tones of world systems theory. In this latter vein there has been a tendency to follow Wallerstein in arguing that because ‘the modern world system more than ever comprises a single world capitalist economy … it follows that nation-states are not societies that have separate parallel histories, but are part of a whole reflecting a whole’ (Wallerstein, 1979, p. 53).1 According to this new orthodoxy there is no longer any room for conventional national economic planning or policies. As Radice puts it: ‘the capitalist world economy is now so thoroughly integrated across national boundaries that an autonomous national economic strategy is no longer possible’ (Radice, 1984, p. 113).
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