Abstract
We analyze three dimensional (3D) beamforming characteristics and applications in wireless small cell communication based on physical structure of array antenna, addressing on the 3D beampattern property of planar rectangular array antenna beamforming. Firstly, array manifold vector is formulated based on rectangular array antenna, and formulas are derived pertaining to antenna beampattern parameters in detail. Secondly, the effect of array antenna configuration on 3D beamforming is analyzed. Thirdly, 3D beamforming is extended and applied to massive MIMO small cell wireless communication scenario by analyzing capacity gain of single small cell over that of two dimensional (2D) beamforming. Numerical results are presented to show properties of the 3D beamforming.
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