Capacidades analíticas y gobernanza de datos en la administración pública como paso previo a la introducción de la inteligencia artificial

Abstract

In order to face the challenges associated with the so-called revolution 4.0 and the digital transformation, it is critical to rethink the capacities that public organizations have. Among these capacities, those associated with management and data analysis stand out. The article aims to provide evidence and reflections to this debate, both at a theoretical and applied level. To this end, a conceptual framework is developed through two key approaches: that of analytical capacities, focusing on the organizational and systemic level, and that of data governance. With the integrated analytical framework, the case study of Barcelona City Council is carried out. This case includes different initiatives that provide evidence and arguments both on the achievements and on the unresolved challenges. The main findings that arise from the analysis are the importance of the strategy associated to a political and managerial leadership, as well as the relevance of the organizational configuration and the establishment of roles and responsibilities of the different actors involved. Additionally, the need to establish new models of relationship with the environment to generate shared institutional intelligence, associated to open learning and innovation processes, is highlighted. The conclusions highlight the validity of analytical schemes that integrate data governance with the development of analytical capacities that allow public administrations to face of future challenges. At the applied level, lessons learned are provided in relation to the organizational leadership of the transformation processes of public organizations. A special attention is given to the design of the central data governance unit which combines centralization at the conceptual and strategic level and the decentralization at the operational level, involving both internal and external actors.