Abstract
Palm oil fuel ash (POFA) was considered as a one of waste product in oil palm industry whereas the abundant of that waste contributed to environmental effects. Strong interest in the development of renewable products to reduce the environmental effects was focus on used the waste source as reinforcements in polymer matrix composites. In 3D Printing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), composite filament material was started used for patterns development application. However, in FDM pattern development, composite filament have common issue especially on nozzle clogging problem that relate to the critical process in composition mixing and filament preparation. Therefore, this research is aimed to investigate the capability of different percentage composition in range 20–60 vt.% of POFA with polypropylene (PP) materials to be formed into solid composite filament for FDM machine. The composite material was mixed well used brabender mixer machine and added 5 and 8 vt.% maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) as compatibilizer to improve the bonding ability of the PP matrix and POFA. The Melt Flow Index (MFI) test was conducted on all POFA-PP composition to investigate the data of viscosity which important for filament extrusion process. The single screw extrusion machine was used to form a composite filament with diameter and length range 1.70–1.80 mm and 60–70 cm respectively. The observation result of POFA filament deposition test on FDM showed that 40 vt.% POFA, 55 vt.% PP and 5 vt.% MAPP was the best composition of filament and give the best deposition result of printed the ISO527-1 (dog bone sample).
Published Version
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