Canvassing of thrombolytic, cytotoxic, and erythrocyte membrane-stabilizing attributes in in vitro screening of Gynocardia odorata

Abstract

In the current study, different plant extracts of Gynocardia odorata such as methanol extract (ME), aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF), chloroform soluble fraction (CSF), carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction (CTCSF), and petroleum ether soluble fraction (PESF) were examined for the analysis of thrombolytic, cytotoxic, and erythrocyte membrane-stabilizing activities. A well-explicated method was accomplished for plant extractives investigation. The plant extractives were involved in thrombolytic, cytotoxic, and erythrocyte membrane-stabilizing activity evaluation, on the basis of their ability of clot lysis, cytotoxic potentials, and stabilizing erythrocyte membrane under hypotonic solution and heat-induced conditions. Both thrombolytic and erythrocyte membrane-stabilizing activities were performed by using Swiss albino laboratory mice. In addition, plant cytotoxic activity was performed by using the nauplii of brine shrimp as in vitro model. The study of G. odorata extracts enumerated basic thrombolytic activity (19.94 ± 0.53% to 10.64 ± 0.46%; p < 0.05), and basic cytotoxic LC50 value (23.09 ± 2.01 μg mL−1 to 1.18 ± 0.14 μg mL−1; p < 0.05) including statistical analysis confidence limit ranges, chi-square value, and regression equation was entailed. The erythrocyte membrane-stabilizing activity under hypotonic solution-induced hemolysis (47.41 ± 0.46% to 18.445 ± 0.095%; p < 0.05) and heat-induced hemolysis (27.95 ± 0.55% to 17.84 ± 0.59%; p < 0.05) was determined. All the statistical calculation was optimized by one-way ANOVA followed by Turkey's post hoc test including Dunnett t tests. This study indicates that G. odorata could be a natural medication alternative of thrombolytic agents as well as source of potent bioactive compounds.