Cannabis sativa: Applications of Artificial Intelligence AI and Plant Tissue Culture for Micropropagation

Abstract

This review paper highlights about the important applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and in vitro micropropagation of Cannabis. Cannabis micropropagation has largely been an underground effort with few peer reviewed studies. This lack of insight concerning in vitro cannabis techniques has limited the biotechnological utility of Cannabis crop. This is mainly due to the fact that Cannabis found to be recalcitrant under in vitro conditions, restrictions, long legacy of prohibition and stigmatization surrounding this Indian origin medicinal plant. Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) are two of the most exciting technological areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Data is a power today, and artificial intelligence (AI) can help Cannabis businesses to gather and analyze data in a wide variety of ways. Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has enhanced Cannabis crop production and improved real-time monitoring, harvesting, processing and marketing. These technologies saves the excess use of water, pesticides, herbicides, maintains the fertility of the soil, and also helps in the efficient use of man power and elevated the productivity and improved the quality of Cannabis products. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are widely used in science and technology, and have been successfully applied in Cannabis plant tissue cultures. Furthermore, Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can also simulate the growth of plants under different in vitro conditions. However, very few and limited in vitro regeneration protocols have been developed in Cannabis and existing protocols highlights only organogenesis. Therefore, there is a golden opportunity for the development of new in vitro regeneration protocols particularly induction of somatic embryogenesis, cryopreservation, protoplast isolation and culture, genetic transformation, production of synthetic seeds, and anther culture for the production of haploids in Cannabis.