Abstract
Cannabinoids' usefulness in the treatment of neurological disorders (epilepsy, and various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease) has been demonstrated in a growing number of studies. Of the 11 known general types of natural cannabinoids, the focus has been mainly directed at cannabidiol (CBD) due to its specificity in stimulating cannabinoid receptors and the low rate of side effects, as well as on Δ (9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC). The natural and synthetic analogs of CBD have been described as a potential treatment in neurological diseases, as they showed their therapeutic benefits in reducing the seizures from epilepsy and their neuroprotectivity in neurodegenerative diseases. First and foremost, CBD's neuroprotective properties are due to its capacity to act as an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist. Second, CBD enhances neuroprotection by interacting with many signal transduction pathways mediated indirectly through cannabinoid receptors. CBD also reduces the hyperphosphorylation of glycogen synthetase kinase 3 (GSK-3) induced by the buildup of Amyloid β in the physiopathology of Alzheimer's disease.
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