Abstract
The main chemical component of cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD), has been shown to have antitumor properties. The present study examined the in vitro effects of CBD on human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. We found that CBD significantly inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of SGC-7901 cells. Further investigation showed that CBD significantly upregulated ataxia telangiectasia-mutated gene (ATM) and p53 protein expression and downregulated p21 protein expression in SGC-7901 cells, which subsequently inhibited the levels of CDK2 and cyclin E, thereby resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G0–G1 phase. In addition, CBD significantly increased Bax expression levels, decreased Bcl-2 expression levels and mitochondrial membrane potential, and then upregulated the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9, thereby inducing apoptosis in SGC-7901 cells. Finally, we found that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased after CBD treatment. These results indicated that CBD could induce G0–G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by increasing ROS production, leading to the inhibition of SGC-7901 cell proliferation, thereby suggesting that CBD may have therapeutic effects on gastric cancer.
Highlights
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor that originates in the gastric mucosal epithelium [1].Gastric cancer can be further classified according to the disease site, which includes gastric cardia cancer, gastric cancer, and gastric antrum cancer [2]
SGC-7901 cells in a logarithmic growth phase were digested with 0.25% trypsin + 0.02% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and centrifuged at 600× g for 3 min to collect cells
These results indicated that CBD could effectively induce cell cycle arrest at the G0–G1 phase by inhibiting CDK2 and cyclin E expression
Summary
Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor that originates in the gastric mucosal epithelium [1].Gastric cancer can be further classified according to the disease site, which includes gastric cardia cancer, gastric cancer, and gastric antrum cancer [2]. Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor that originates in the gastric mucosal epithelium [1]. Recent epidemiological data have indicated that there are about 951,000 new cases of gastric cancer around the world and about 723,000 deaths due to gastric cancer, thereby ranking gastric cancer as the fifth most common and third most malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate [3]. Countries including Japan, South Korea, and China are at high risk for gastric cancer [4]. Chinese gastric cancer morbidity and mortality account for 42.6%. 45.0% of global gastric cancer morbidity and mortality, respectively [5]. Gastric cancer is the most common malignant tumor in China [6], with regional differences in incidence. The incidences of gastric cancer in the northwest and eastern coastal areas of China are significantly higher than in the southern regions [7]. In the past few decades, due to an increase in pressure at work and in daily life, dietary changes, and Helicobacter pylori infections, gastric cancer has been observed to have an earlier onset [9]
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