Abstract
Similar to skin, epithelia in the tympanic membrane (TM) regenerate and move toward the opening of the external ear canal, a process called epithelial migration (EM). EM is important for maintaining healthy ears because this process removes cerumen and debris. Therefore, increasing the rate of EM or TM regeneration could be very important for healthy ear maintenance and function. Stem cells or their conditioned media have been used in medical therapy in humans to increase the rate and efficacy of EM. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of canine stem cell conditioned media to accelerate EM in canine TMs. Canine adipose tissue derived-mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (cAD-MSCCM), and several cytokines related to keratinocyte growth or migration within the media were quantified using ELISA. Ink drops were placed on the TMs of four normal beagles. Then, cAD-MSCCM was applied weekly, a total of three times to the TMs of one ear, and nothing was applied to the other eye. The results showed a higher TM EM rate in the treatment group than in the control group (p < 0.05). No adverse events were recorded. These results suggest that the weekly application of cAD-MSCCM accelerates the TM EM rate.
Highlights
The ear is involved in the detection and analysis of sound and the perception of the body’s position in its environment
The external acoustic meatus, which is the passageway that leads from the outside of the ear, receives sound waves and conducts them to the tympanic membrane (TM), which is known as the eardrum [3]
The ear canals were evaluated with handheld otoscopy (Welch Allyn, Skaneateles Falls, NY, USA) according to the Otitis Index Score (OTIS)
Summary
The ear is involved in the detection and analysis of sound and the perception of the body’s position in its environment. It is anatomically and functionally divided into the external, middle, and inner ear [1]. The TM is located between the external acoustic meatus and the middle ear, separating the tympanic cavity from the external ear [3]. Its outer layer is continuous with the cutaneous tissue on the external canal surface, its inner layer is continuous with the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity, and its middle layer is a vascular connective tissue that gives the membrane its tension and stiffness [4]
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