Abstract
Awareness of cancer therapy-induced toxicities is important for all clinicians treating patients with cancer. Cancer therapy has evolved to include classic cytotoxic agents in addition to newer options such as targeted agents and catheter-directed chemoembolisation. Several adverse affects can result from the wide array of treatments including effects on the liver, pancreas, and biliary system that can be visualised on imaging. These complications include sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, fatty liver, pseudocirrhosis, acute hepatitis, pancreatitis, pancreatic atrophy, cholecystitis, biliary sclerosis, and biliary stasis. Many of these toxicities are manageable and reversible with supportive therapies and/or cessation of cancer therapy. The objective of this review is to discuss the imaging findings associated with cancer therapy-induced toxicity of the liver, biliary system, and pancreas.Teaching Points• Cancer therapy can have adverse effects on the hepatobiliary system and pancreas.• Cancer therapy-induced toxicities can be visualised on imaging.• Knowledge of imaging changes associated with cancer therapy complications can improve treatment.
Highlights
Chemotherapy is an essential component in the treatment of cancer
On magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, fatty liver can be detected by a drop in signal intensity on opposedphase images compared with in-phase images
The use of endoscopic retrograde choloangiopancreatography (ERCP) allows for interventional steps to be taken if necessary such as stenting and biliary stricture dilatation while Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) reduces the risk of complications because of its non-invasive nature [52]
Summary
Cancer therapy related complications in the liver, pancreas, and biliary system: an imaging perspective. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com
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