Abstract
This work aims for modeling and simulating the metastasis of cancer, via the analogy between the cancer process and the board game Go. In the game of Go, black stones that play first could correspond to a metaphor of the birth, growth, and metastasis of cancer. Moreover, playing white stones on the second turn could correspond the inhibition of cancer invasion. Mathematical modeling and algorithmic simulation of Go may therefore benefit the efforts to deploy therapies to surpass cancer illness by providing insight into the cellular growth and expansion over a tissue area. We use the Ising Hamiltonian, that models the energy exchange in interacting particles, for modeling the cancer dynamics. Parameters in the energy function refer the biochemical elements that induce cancer birth, growth, and metastasis; as well as the biochemical immune system process of defense.
Highlights
The dominant pathology and mortality today is due to diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular events [1]
In this work we model the conflict between metastatic dynamics and the action of the immunologic system, using as a metaphor this clever game for strategic control of regions
We describe the Ising Hamiltonian, first for modeling Go black versus white stones fighting, for modeling the cancer process versus the immune system reaction
Summary
The dominant pathology and mortality today is due to diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular events [1]. Numerous studies have identified common characteristics, so-called “hallmarks” [17], that allow the survival and growth of cells to become cancerous tumors [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27], and are present across different types of cancer [28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35] These hallmarks include sustained proliferative signaling [23], evading of growth suppressors [12], replicative immortality [18, 21, 22, 24], increased invasive capacity [36], resistance of cell death [37], induction of angiogenesis [38,39,40], and ability to undergo metastasis [20, 36, 41,42,43,44,45]. The continued research around cancer expanded these hallmarks to include the deregulation of metabolism, immune system
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