Abstract

Tumor metastasis is a multistep process, including local invasion, intravasation, transport, extravasation, and colonization. For tumor cells to disseminate from their primary site and form secondary tumors at a distant site, they need to activate a number of cellular programs, including epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), invadopdia-mediated ECM degradation, various modes of cell migration, as well as resistance to anoikis and microtentacle-mediated endothelium attachment. Here, we review the most widely accepted findings relevant to individual cellular processes and discuss their importance during tumor invasion and metastasis.

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