Abstract
Human society and nature interact through complex interconnections and interdependencies. Using Chinese scientist Qian Xuesen’s concept of Giant Open Complex Systems, this paper argues that if human beings are themselves such open complex systems, their interaction with other human beings and nature create co-relative, co-creative interactions that cannot be reduced to simple reductionist principles that enable prediction and control. We should therefore have few illusions that we can fully control human destinies under current theories and policies.
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