Abstract
Introduction RNAi means active cell response to foreign RNA [1]. RNAi is a major defense mechanism against alien nucleic acids of bacteria, viruses, and phages; RNAi is present in diverse organisms like fungi, plants, algae [2], invertebrates, and vertebrates including mammals. RNAi is known for at least the last two decades,
Highlights
RNAi means active cell response to foreign RNA [1]
What are the different types of Small RNA Molecules? Based upon the whole genome and transcriptome sequencing projects, and RNAi experiments, there are three main types of small RNAs: microRNA or miRNA, small interfering RNA or short interfering RNA (siRNA), & piwi-associated RNA or piRNA
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5(MDA5; known as IFIH1); the DNA sensors absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and cyclic GMP–AMP synthetase come under first-line receptors category [19,23,24] (Figure 2). These firstline receptors instigate a cascade of signaling events that involve MYD88, TRIF, IRAKS, TRAFs, transcription factors like, nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and IFN-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF7, and are dominated by type I interferon response and IFN-stimulatory genes (ISGs) [24] (Figure 2)
Summary
RNAi means active cell response to foreign RNA [1]. RNAi is a major defense mechanism against alien nucleic acids of bacteria, viruses, and phages; RNAi is present in diverse organisms like fungi, plants, algae [2], invertebrates, and vertebrates including mammals. RNAi is known for at least the last two decades, is a double-stranded short interfering RNA (siRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) of approximately 21-23 nucleotides that can target the degradation or prevent the translation of an mRNA which contains complementarity to it [3]
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