Abstract
A new species, Campyloneurum atrosquamatum, is described from the western Amazonian region of Ecuador to Bolivia, and from French Guiana and northeastern Brazilian Amazon. The new species belongs to the Repens Clade of Campyloneurum. Previously, it had been identified as C. coarctatum because of its similar lamina size and shape. An earlier phylogenetic study, however, resolved it as sister to C. fuscosquamatum, a species with nearly identical rhizome scales and a similar geographic distribution. We describe the new species, compare it to related species, and provide illustrations, distribution maps, and a key to similar species. A lectotype is chosen for C. coarctatum.
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