Abstract A synopsis of the genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae) at the specific and infraspecific ranks is provided. Orobanche is here circumscribed to include all species that have recently been placed in the genera Aphyllon , Boulardia , Orobanche, Orobanchella, Phelipaea, and Phelipanche . In total, 174 species are recognised; six of them are divided into subspecies and 15 into varieties, making for a total of 216 taxa at the specific and infraspecific ranks. Orobanche subg. Aphyllon (Mitch.) Domina and O. subg. Diphelypaea Domina are established. The new name Orobanche collinsii Domina ( Aphyllon spectabile L.T.Collins, Velazco & A.C.Schneid) is proposed along with twenty-six new combinations, including 12 at species rank and 14 at varietal rank. For each accepted taxon, synonymy, distribution, and information on host plants is provided.