Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was designed for the induction of callus from leaf explants of Decalepis arayalpathra (D. arayalpathra) and to analyse their phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity.Methods: The explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentration of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and later subcultured to the combination of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The phytochemical constituents were analysed in the different solvent extracts using standard methods. Antibacterial activity of the different solvent extracts was carried out using agar well diffusion method against reference standards. Results: Callus induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with different concentration and combination of auxins and cytokinins. Maximum callus induction was noticed on media supplemented with 2, 4-D (2 mg/l) and BAP (1 mg/l)+NAA (0.5 mg/l) respectively. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids and terpenoids, glycosides, coumarins and quinone etc. All the solvent extracts showed varying degree of antibacterial activities against the bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Staphylococcus aureus). The maximum antibacterial activity of leaf was observed in aqueous (Klebsiella pneumoniae, 19.00±1.00) and methanolic extract (Klebsiella pneumoniae, 18.33±1.15). Whereas petroleum ether extract of the callus showed maximum inhibition (Bacillus subtilis, 17.00±1.00) compare to other extracts.Conclusion: The study revealed the presence of secondary metabolites in the leaf and callus extracts of D. arayalpathra. The methanolic extracts possess higher antibacterial activity compared to other solvent extracts. However, further studies have to be carried out for the isolation and identification of antimicrobial compounds against pathogens.
Highlights
Plants are an exemplary source of traditional medicine and pharmaceutical drugs for humankind since time immemorial
The induction of callus was observed from leaf explants within two weeks of inoculation on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with various plant growth regulators
The present study revealed the antibacterial activities of the leaf and callus extracts (150 μg/ml) against bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas fluorescence) by agar well diffusion method
Summary
Plants are an exemplary source of traditional medicine and pharmaceutical drugs for humankind since time immemorial. It has been estimated that about 20,000 plants species are used as drugs. In India, herbal medicines have been used in the Indian traditional system of medicine (Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha) for the treatment of various diseases SD arayalpathra is one of the important medicinal plants, belonging to the family Periplocaceae, found in the southern region of the Western Ghats of India [1]. The root extract was used by the kani tribes for the treatment of peptic ulcer and has a rejuvenating tonic [5]. Conventional propagation of D. arayalpathra is at stake with several factors like poor fruit set, seed germination and rooting on stem cutting [9,10]. Due to its high demand, the destructive harvesting of the roots leads to extinction of the species which necessitates another alternative method for propagation and conservation. Plant tissue culture techniques offer a powerful tool for mass multiplication of many plant species
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
