Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae

Abstract

In this paper, we calibrate the Amati relation (the E p–E iso correlation) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a cosmology-independent way. By using a Gaussian process to reconstruct the smoothed luminosity distance from the Pantheon type Ia supernovae sample, we utilize the reconstructed results to calibrate the E p–E iso correlation with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and construct a Hubble diagram with the A220 GRB data, in which there are A118 GRB data with the higher qualities appropriate for cosmological purposes. With 98 GRBs at 1.4 < z ≤ 8.2 in the A118 sample and the observed Hubble data, we obtain Ωm = , h = for the flat ΛCDM model, and Ωm = , h = , w = for the flat wCDM model, which are consistent with those from fitting the coefficients of the Amati relation and the cosmological parameters simultaneously.