Calculation of the 13C NMR shieldings of the C0 2 complexes of aluminosilicates

Abstract

13C NMR shieldings have been calculated using the random-phase-approximation, localized-orbital local-origins version of ab initio coupled Hartree-Fuck perturbation theory for CO 2 and and for several complexes formed by the reaction of CO 2 with molecular models for aluminosilicate glasses, H 3TOT′H3 3 −n, T,T′ = Si,Al. Two isomeric forms of the CO 2-aluminosilicate complexes have been considered: (1) “CO 2-like” complexes, in which the CO 2 group is bound through carbon to a bridging oxygen and (2) “CO 3-like” complexes, in which two oxygens of a central CO 3 group form bridging bonds to the two TH 3 groups. The CO 2-like isomer of CO 2-H 3SiOSiH 3 is quite weakly bonded and its 13C isotropic NMR shielding is almost identical to that in free CO 2. As Si is progressively replaced by Al in the —H terminated aluminosilicate model, the CO 2-like isomers show increasing distortion from the free CO 2 geometry and their 13C NMR shieldings decrease uniformly. The calculated 13C shielding value for H 3AlO(CO 2)AlH 3 −2 is only about 6 ppm larger than that calculated for point charge stabilized CO 3 −2. However, for a geometry of H 3SiO(CO 2) AlH 3 −1, in which the bridging oxygen to C bond length has been artificially increased to that found in the —OH terminated cluster (OH) 3SiO(CO 2)Al(OH) 3 −1, the calculated 13C shielding is almost identical to that for free CO 2. The CO 3-like isomers of the CO 2-aluminosili-cate complexes show carbonate like geometries and 13C NMR shieldings about 4–9 ppm larger than those of carbonate for all T,T′ pairs. For the Si,Si tetrahedral atom pair the CO 2-like isomer is more stable energetically, while for the Si,Al and Al,Al cases the CO 3-like isomer is more stable. Addition of Na + ions to the CO 3 −2 or H 3AlO(CO 2)AlH 3 −2 complexes reduces the 13C NMR shieldings by about 10 ppm. Complexation with either Na + or CO 2 also reduces the 29Si NMR shieldings of the aluminosilicate models, while the changes in 27Al shielding with Na + or CO 2 complexation are much smaller. Complexation with CO 2 greatly increases the electric field gradient at the bridging oxygen of H 3AlOAlH 3 −2, raising it to a value similar to that found for SiOSi linkages. Comparison of these results with the experimental 13C NMR spectra support the formation of CO 2-like complexes at SiOSi bridges in albite glasses and CO 3-like complexes at SiOAl and AlOAl bridges in albite and nepheline glasses. Changes in the calculated shieldings as Na + ions are added to the complexes suggest that some of the observed complexes may be similar in their CO 2-aluminosilicate interactions, but different with respect to the positions of the charge-compensating Na + ions.