Abstract
Based on the concept of a rock mass as an active medium with internal storages and sources of energy, the mathematical model of the rock mass takes into account its internal structure. The model also accounts for anisotropy, plastic shearing and local softening, as well as storage and release of elastic energy. The problem formulation includes initial stresses. The quasi-static problem on pillar deformation is solved by the finite element method, with analyzing sequential development of zones of local softening and residual strength. It is shown that deformation becomes unstable with the sufficiently high modulus of softening. Unstable mode is characterized by developing of extended narrow bands of shearing that may result in catastrophic failure of the pillar.
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