CALCULATION OF CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OF HEAT ACCUMULATORS WITH LIQUID AND SOLID HEAT-ACCUMULATING MATERIAL

Abstract

The depletion of traditional fuel resources and the deterioration of the ecology of the environment, an increase in emissions into the air make the research on renewable energy and the need to attract clean energy sources to the energy balance of Ukraine. A promising direction is the use of solar energy for municipal heat supply, which can provide large heat needs even in temperate climates. Basically, the methods of using thermal energy from the sun are generally economically effective, but the share of using thermal solar energy is quite small. It can also be solved by accumulating these surpluses and using them during the heating season. The experience of operating unorganized seasonal heat accumulators in the soil indicates the low efficiency of such heat storage due to significant heat losses into the surrounding soil mass. For such systems (solar collectors + seasonal heat accumulator), it is advisable to use organized seasonal heat accumulators, which are designed for a certain amount of heat. An organized seasonal heat accumulator is understood as a heat storage system, which consists of a heat insulated tank for storing heat storage material and a heat carrier, which is used to transport heat to the heat storage material during its accumulation during the warm period and heat supply in the cold season from the heat storage material to energy consuming systems (heating system, hot water supply, etc.). The design of a heat accumulator with solid and liquid heat accumulating material is considered, in which a more uniform distribution of temperatures in the volume of the heat accumulator is achieved. A method for calculating structural elements for a heat accumulator with liquid and solid heat accumulating material has been developed, taking into account the heat loss of the heat accumulator and the characteristics of the soils at the construction site.