Calculation and experimental assessment of passive safety for special buses on truck chassis, taking into account the influence of operating temperature conditions

Abstract

The problem of reducing the severity of accidents is one of the most important. About 30% of accidents with serious consequences are those involving buses. One of the most dangerous types of bus accidents is overturning. The power structure of the body of multi-passenger vehicles are subject to the requirements regulated by the UNECE Regulations No.66. A separate specific group consists of shift buses on the chassis of trucks, designed for operation in harsh natural and climatic conditions in areas with an under-developed road network. It is known that, depending on the type, nature and structure, structural materials have different strength characteristics at a given temperature. The strength characteristics of the materials used in the construction of bodies have a primary impact on the level of passive safety of buses. Therefore, there is an urgent task of assessing passive safety of this type of buses in the entire temperature range of their operation. The present article presents some experimental dependences of the strength material characteristics used in bodies on the temperature. A detailed finite element model-specific for this class of body buses from sandwich panels is shown. Some characteristics of this type body simulation are also discussed. Results of the study of passive safety of a shift bus with a body of sandwich panels in the temperature range of the bus operation are obtained. The necessity of assessing the passive safety in the entire temperature range of operation of this specific category of buses is shown.