Abstract
Monopulse radars operate with simultaneous beams and are used for tracking purposes, relying only on hardware to provide a real-time indication of the target position. A monopulse array and its feeding network is implemented and tested, in the frequency of 5.4 GHz, based on patch antennas using dieletric to provide wide bandwidth and high gain. The system field styrofoam as pattern was evaluated in two different environments, a shielded room and an indoor area. Results agreed with simulation for either individual elements as well as the final integrated monopulse array.
Highlights
A monopulse radar generates spatially orthogonal beams for purposes of scanning and tracking targets
Tough initially suffering from complex circuitry due to their waveguide technology, off-the-shelf circuitry enabled onboard monopulse radars to be operated even in missiles [2], where space is scarce
Monopulses are utilized for educational purposes while teaching radar and antenna array subjects, examples such as using commercial WiFi antennas and Matlab for processing [9] or commercial horn antennas coupled to a planar hybrid, operating at 2 GHz
Summary
A monopulse radar generates spatially orthogonal beams for purposes of scanning and tracking targets. The hybrid-fed array generates two simultaneous beams, one where the antennas are in-phase (maximum radiaton at boresight) and the other with the elements anti-phase fed (180°), with the minimum in this same direction. In the example, it implements a simple two-antenna array, whose weights can be written as [1,1] for the sum port and [1,-1] for the difference port, ideally.
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