CУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНОГО БЮДЖЕТУ В УКРАЇНІ

Abstract

A significant place in the social and economic development of each country belongs to the problems of the budget, because the budget belongs to the sphere of public life that directly affects the interests of all members of society. The budget of any country reflects the important economic, social and political problems of the state and each person in particular. At the same time, the successful solution of budget problems is possible only if a proper understanding of its essence, role and place in the system of economic relations. For any country, the state budget is the main link in the financial system. As part of this system, it combines the main financial categories: income and expenditure of the country, the tax system, public credit, public debt in their closest coexistence. The budget as a financial plan of public expenditures and sources of their coverage plays an important role in the activities of the state. It determines its capabilities and development priorities, its role and forms of implementation of the functions assigned to it. It is an effective regulator of that economy reflects the amount of financial resources required by the state, determines specific areas of use of funds, directs the financial activities of the state. The peculiarity of the budget as a financial plan is that it has the force of law. The legislative nature of the budget provides appropriate conditions for monitoring the use of budget funds and strengthening its impact on the efficiency of social production. Financial imbalances as an objectively existing reality are an integral determinant of modern development, and the form of their manifestation is the crisis phenomena, which in retrospect of global development have repeatedly led to sovereign defaults. At the present stage in Ukraine the problem of analysis of factors and components of economic growth is quite acute in order to level the main macroeconomic imbalances and imbalances and stabilize further economic development. This article considers the main problems of imbalance of the state budget of Ukraine, analyzes the objective and subjective factors of revenue and expenditure of the State Budget of Ukraine. The essence of the concept of "state budget" is highlighted. The article examines the problems of imbalance of the state budget. The statistical data of expenditures and revenues of the state budget of Ukraine for 2019-2020 are analyzed. Ways to improve the balance of the state budget are proposed. It is considered that it is rather difficult to ensure equality of revenue and expenditure parts of the budget. It can be achieved if we constantly restrain the growth of government spending and establish a level of taxation in the country that will be sufficient to generate income to cover public needs. It is investigated that an important factor in the stability of the budget system is the balance of local budgets.