Abstract
By Fault or by Default
Highlights
While at rest, the brain continues to be very active and is characterized by multiple, low frequency, resting state neural networks, and one of these is the default mode network (DMN)
The brain continues to be very active and is characterized by multiple, low frequency, resting state neural networks, and one of these is the DMN. Specialized techniques such as resting state functional connectivity MRI are being used to study these networks (Vogel et al, 2010). Review papers, such as those by Broyd et al (2009) and Buckner et al (2008) explored this fascinating area and provided a detailed introduction to the anatomical and functional aspects of DMN followed by a discussion of the clinical correlation of altered DMN activity with psychopathology seen in conditions such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia, mood disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and Alzheimer’s disease
The terms default mode, DMN, and task negative network (TNN) are used interchangeably to describe a network of areas in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes which are active at rest but deactivate when the subject is involved in a range of activities which involve focusing on external factors
Summary
The brain continues to be very active and is characterized by multiple, low frequency, resting state neural networks, and one of these is the DMN. It is very important to note that currently, the scientific community considers the concept of DMN to be a work in progress (Raichle and Snyder, 2007) with several challenges hindering the progress, ranging from the technological aspects of functional neuroimaging, to the overall complexity of conducting a study of the functional networks of the brain.
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