Abstract
This study evaluated the magnitude and distribution of acute gastrointestinal illness (GI) in Gálvez, Argentina, and assessed the outcome of a seven-day versus 30-day recall period in survey methodology. A cross-sectional population survey, with either a seven-day or a 30-day retrospective recall period, was conducted through door-to-door visits to randomly-selected residents during the 'high' and the 'low' seasons of GI in the community. Comparisons were made between the annual incidence rates obtained using the seven-day and the 30-day recall period. Using the 30-day recall period, the mean annual incidence rates was 0.43 (low season of GI) and 0.49 (high season of GI) episodes per person-year. Using the seven-day recall period, the mean annual incidence rate was 0.76 (low season of GI) and 2.66 (high season of GI) episodes per person-year. This study highlights the significant burden of GI in a South American community and confirms the importance of seasonality when investigating GI in the population. The findings suggest that a longer recall period may underestimate the burden of GI in retrospective population surveys of GI.
Highlights
Acute gastrointestinal illness (GI) causes significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden worldwide [1,2]
Significant higher annual incidence proportions were observed in Phase 1 compared to Phase 2 for the seven-day recall period
This study provides the first population-based estimates of the magnitude, distribution, and burden of GI in an Argentinean community
Summary
Acute gastrointestinal illness (GI) causes significant morbidity, mortality, and socioeconomic burden worldwide [1,2]. Sanitation, and food safety are key components to preventing and controlling GI in the population [3]. These publichealth areas are at the forefront of the objectives and priorities of international public-health organizations and concerns of local public health workers [4,5,6,7]. In September 2006, the Ministry of Health of Argentina completed their first pilot study on the burden of GI in Diamante (Entre Rios province), which estimated a monthly GI prevalence of 8.2% Building from the pilot, we conducted a study in Gálvez
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