Abstract
We consider the thermocapillarity effect on the transition from steady to unsteady buoyancy-driven flows in a shallow open cavity. Numerical simulations are done in rectangular horizontal cavity filled with low-Prandtl-number fluids. In the case of buoyancy-driven flow alone, some characteristics of the unsteady flow are given at Grashof number close to the critical value at which the unsteady flow sets up. The ability of thermocapillary forces to change the nature and the characteristics of establishing buoyancy-driven flow is shown in two cases, when thermocapillary forces act in the same sense and against the buoyancy forces. The main feature is that in each case the nature of the flow and, subsequently, the flow structure are strongly modified.
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