Built heritage in Afghanistan: threats, challenges and conservation

Abstract

The built heritage of Afghanistan – encompassing its historic quarters, monuments and archaeological sites – manifests the country’s rich history at the crossroads of culture. While this heritage is the country’s pride and identity, the authorities lack policies and resources for the preservation of the monuments and the protection of historic sites; communities lack awareness of the monuments’ significance and need for their protection. Illicit excavations, inadequate renovations and damage to the historic fabric are taking place on many sites. This paper aims to present an historical survey of institutional engagement in the study of archaeological sites and conservation works in Afghanistan. Then it highlights issues related to conservation verses development and practical difficulties in preserving the built heritage. There are complex effects of social indigence, war and influences of the development sector, which bear on the contemporary donors’ interest in conservation projects in Afghanistan.