Abstract
This study proposes a multi-span greenhouse Building Energy Simulation (BES) model using a Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS)-18 program. A detailed BES model was developed and validated to simulate the thermal environment in the greenhouse under different design parameters for the multi-span greenhouse. Validation of the model was carried out by comparing the results from computed and experimental greenhouse internal temperatures. The statistical analyses produced an R2 value of 0.84, a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 1.8 °C, and a relative (r)RMSE value of 6.7%, showing good agreement between computed and experimental results. The validated proposed BES model was used to evaluate the effect of multi-span greenhouse design parameters including thermal screens, number of screens, orientation, covering materials, double glazing, north-wall insulation, roof geometry, and natural ventilation, on the annual energy demand of the greenhouse, subjected to Taean Gun (latitude 36.88° N, longitude 126.24° E), Chungcheongnam-do, South Korea winter and summer season weather conditions. Additionally, the proposed BES model is capable of evaluating multi-span greenhouse design parameters with daily and seasonal dynamic control of thermal and shading screens, natural ventilation, as well as heating and cooling set-points. The TRNSYS 18 program proved to be highly flexible for carrying out simulations under local weather conditions and user-defined design and control of the greenhouse. The statistical analysis of validated results should encourage the adoption of the proposed model when the underlying aim is to evaluate the design parameters of multi-span greenhouses considering local weather conditions and specific needs.
Highlights
Worldwide, greenhouses are used to provide favorable climate conditions to crops, where outdoor weather conditions are not suitable for crop production [1]
This study proposed a multi-span greenhouse Building Energy Simulation (BES) model utilizing the Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS) 18 program
We detailed the creation and validation of the BES model for multi-span greenhouses to simulate the thermal environment of the greenhouse under different design parameters
Summary
Greenhouses are used to provide favorable climate conditions to crops, where outdoor weather conditions are not suitable for crop production [1]. To achieve the desired temperature condition inside the greenhouse for optimal crop growth, different heating and cooling systems are used. Good crop yields can be obtained in well-controlled micro-environments within the greenhouse, such systems tend to increase operational costs [2]. The heating cost in South Korean greenhouses is 30–40% of total production costs, which makes the greenhouse sector one of the most energy-intensive [3]. Ahmed et al [4] reported that the heating costs in Canadian greenhouses are 15–20% of total production costs [1].
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