Abstract
Background: Tumor cells generate a micro-acidic environment due to increased fermentative metabolism and poor perfusion. It is believed that this action is responsible for creating a lower pH environment which promotes invasive tumor growth in primary and metastatic cancers, through a form of acid-induced micro-environmental remodeling. Dietary fats, both saturated and unsaturated, have profound impacts on the viability and growth of neoplastic cells. This study examines the impact that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, both alkalized and nonalkalized, have on the viability and growth of various neoplastic cell lines. Methods: In this study, the potential anti-viability and antiproliferative effects of both saturated, and an unsaturated, fatty acids, when introduced as buffered (NaHCO3), and non buffered formulations, were investigated in a comparative fashion in a panel of tumor cell lines. Results: We show that both buffered and non-buffered fatty acids, exerted inhibition of their proliferative activity and had a negative impact on cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Buffered fatty acids had a greater negative impact on all tumor cell lines. Conclusions: Findings indicate that the environment, as well as the type of fatty acid to which the neoplastic cell line was exposed, were both important predictors of antiproliferative effects.
Highlights
It is believed that tumor cells, due to their altered metabolism, generate their own ‘vehicle for metastasis’ in the form of an acid pH micro-environment [1,2]
This study examines the impact that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, both alkalized and non-alkalized, have on the viability and behavior of various neoplastic cell lines
A direct relationship exists between an increase in polyunsaturated fatty acids and membrane fluidity, and the opposite in the presence of some monosaturated and predominantly saturated fatty acids, and cholesterol [10]
Summary
It is believed that tumor cells, due to their altered metabolism, generate their own ‘vehicle for metastasis’ in the form of an acid pH micro-environment [1,2]. It is believed that this action is responsible for creating a lower pH environment which promotes invasive tumor growth in primary and metastatic cancers, through a form of acid-induced micro-environmental remodeling. Dietary fats, both saturated and unsaturated, have profound impacts on the viability and growth of neoplastic cells. This study examines the impact that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, both alkalized and nonalkalized, have on the viability and growth of various neoplastic cell lines. Studies have shown that in both whole organisms, as well as in cell cultures, saturated and unsaturated fats have the ability to impact a number of tissue and cellular metabolic functions [2,3,4,5,6]. Membrane fluidity is believed to influence the capability of some cancer cells to metastasize [16]
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