Buccofacial Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Role of the Oral Surgeon in its Diagnosis and Management: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-system autoimmune disease with very heterogeneous clinical and serological manifestations. SLE is a relatively rare and more frequent disease in women. Clinical criteria such as photosensitivity, malar rash, neurological, articular and visceral manifestations are redefined. Among the immunological criteria, the ANA, anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm and anti-phospholipid antibodies are currently considered. Oral lesions are frequently identified in patients with SLE. They include oral ulceration, discoid lupus, lichenoid lesions, erythematous areas, and leukoplastic plaques. Secondary Sjögren's syndrome may develop. A high prevalence of periodontitis was also detected. Other oral and facial manifestations are reported, such as plaque calcification, joint damage and angioedema.Through our personal case, the role of the oral surgeon seems indisputable in the diagnosis and the management of patients with SLE.