Abstract
This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) associated with 5% hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (NPHAps) and 10% bioactive glass (BAG) 45S5 before and after brushing at different storage times. Surface roughness was evaluated using a rugosimeter, Vickers hardness using a microdurometer, and mass variation measured in an analytical balance at 1, 7, 15, 30, and 60 days before and after the brushing test, with the aid of toothbrushing simulator and soft bristle toothbrushes. Nonnormal distribution was observed, and the nonparametric Wilcoxon and Kruskal–Wallis tests followed by Dunn's were performed, with a significance level of 5%. We observed higher values for mass loss on the first day for all groups. The surface roughness was lower in the control and NP groups, 30 days after brushing. Higher values for hardness were found in the control group and lower ones for NP, after brushing. The control and BAG groups presented a decrease in hardness over time. The NP group presented the highest values before brushing, while the control group had the highest values after brushing. The association of NPHPa with the GIC is the most promising combination, since it presented satisfactory values for surface hardness. However, conventional GIC not associated with NPHPa or BAG is still an option, since it is available in the market and the most economically viable option.
Highlights
Research ArticleConsidering that glass ionomer cement (GIC) associated with 5% of NP of hydroxyapatite (NPHAp) and 10% of bioactive glass (BAG) 45S5 lead to the improvement of its properties, this study evaluated the surface roughness, Vickers hardness, and mass variation of, before, and after brushing at different storage times
Academic Editor: Andrea Scribante is study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) associated with 5% hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (NPHAps) and 10% bioactive glass (BAG) 45S5 before and after brushing at different storage times
We have studied the addition of bioactive glasses (BAG) to the GIC for the improvement of its remineralizing properties, which have been explored in the literature [20,21,22]
Summary
Considering that GIC associated with 5% of NPHAp and 10% of BAG 45S5 lead to the improvement of its properties, this study evaluated the surface roughness, Vickers hardness, and mass variation of, before, and after brushing at different storage times. E surface roughness, before and after brushing test, showed a statistically significant difference for the time of 30 days, when the Control (p 0.011) and NPHAp (p 0.037) groups had the lowest roughness value after brushing test (Table 2). Higher values for surface roughness were observed for the 60th day (Table 3) It was observed over time, when considering the values between the experimental groups before brushing, that there was a statistically significant difference at 1 and 7 days. When comparing over time (Table 5), it was observed that in the Control group there was a higher value of Vickers hardness for 7 days, before brushing (p 0.010). Averages with a statistically significant difference by the Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05). ∗Source: own elaboration
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