Abstract
BackgroundThe objectives of this study were to assess the heterogeneities of estimates and to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals and humans in Ethiopia.Methods/Principal findingsData from 70 studies covering 75879 animals and 2223 humans were extracted. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and Complement Fixation Test (CFT) in series were the most frequently used serological tests. A random effects model was used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates. The overall True Prevalence of brucellosis seropositivity in goats and sheep were estimated at 5.3% (95%CI = 3.5, 7.5) and 2.7% (95%CI = 1.8, 3.4), respectively, and 2.9% for each of camels and cattle. The prevalence was higher in post-pubertal than in pre-pubertal animals (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 2.6, 3.7) and in the pastoral than in the mixed crop-livestock production system (OR = 2.8, 95%CI = 2.5, 3.2). The incidence rates of brucellosis in humans of pastoral and sedentary system origins were estimated at 160 and 28 per 100 000 person years, respectively.ConclusionsThe seroprevalence of brucellosis is higher in goats than in other species. Its occurrence is evocative of its importance in the country in general and in the pastoral system in particular. Public awareness creation could reduce the transmission of Brucella spp. from animals to humans and the potential of livestock vaccination as a means of control of brucellosis needs to be assessed.
Highlights
Brucellosis is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases, and there have been several reports that addressed its global importance [1,2,3]
The objectives of this study were to assess the heterogeneities of estimates and to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals and humans in Ethiopia
The seroprevalence of brucellosis is higher in goats than in other species
Summary
Brucellosis is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases, and there have been several reports that addressed its global importance [1,2,3]. Despite reports on its significance, large scale national level prevalence and incidence estimates in sub-Saharan countries where it could have a substantial impact are sparse. Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries, with the largest animal and second largest human population. Livestock are the major sources of income and security for a significant segment of the population, and the system of animal production is by and large of an extensive type. The objectives of this study were to assess the heterogeneities of estimates, and estimate the pooled seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals, and humans by using meta-analytical methods. The objectives of this study were to assess the heterogeneities of estimates and to estimate the seroprevalence of brucellosis in animals and humans in Ethiopia.
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