Abstract
Objective: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Bruceine D (BD) is one of the extracts of Brucea javanica. In recent years, it has been reported that BD has anti-tumor activity in some human cancers through different mechanisms. Here, this study try to explore the effect of BD on gastric cancer and its regulatory mechanism. Methods: Cell proliferation ability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining and soft agar colony formation assay, respectively. The tumor xenograft model was used to verify the effect of BD on the tumorigenicity of gastric cancer cells in vivo. Flow cytometry analysis and Western blot assay were performed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Gastric cancer cells were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. The interaction between LINC01667, microRNA-138-5p (miR-138-5p) and Cyclin E1 was verified by dual luciferase experiment and RT-PCR assays. Results: We found that BD significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at S phase in gastric cancer cells. Transcriptome analysis found that the expression of a long non-coding RNA, LINC01667, were significantly down-regulated after BD treatment. Mechanically, it was discovered that LINC01667 upregulated the expression of Cyclin E1 by sponging miR-138-5p. Furthermore, BD enhanced the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin, a clinically used anti-cancer agent. Conclusion: BD inhibit the growth of gastric cancer cells by downregulating the LINC01667/miR-138-5p/Cyclin E1 axis. In addition, BD enhances the chemosensitivity of gastric cancer cells to doxorubicin. This study indicates that BD may be used as a candidate drug for the treatment of patients with gastric cancer.
Highlights
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originating from gastric mucosal epithelium
To explore the biological function of Bruceine D (BD) in gastric cancer cells, the viability of cells treated with increasing doses of BD for 48 h was detected by MTT assay
MTT assay showed that gastric cancer cells treated with BD showed a sharp decline in the growth curve, compared to the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (Figures 1E,F)
Summary
Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor originating from gastric mucosal epithelium. Despite the decline in the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in the past 50 years, gastric cancer is still the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer and the third largest cause of cancer-related death (Ferlay et al, 2010). In 2018, there are more than 1,033,701 new cases and 782,685 deaths of gastric cancer. The incidence of gastric cancer in men is two to three times higher than that in women (Bray et al, 2018; Thrift and El-Serag, 2019). Great progress has been made in a variety of treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis of gastric cancer is still very poor (Lazar et al, 2016; Ilson, 2019). Screening or developing an effective drug is very important for the treatment of gastric cancer
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