Broadside Nanoantennas Made of Single Silver Nanorods.

Abstract

Directional optical nanoantennas are often realized by nanostructured systems with ingenious or complex designs. Herein we report on the realization of directional scattering of visible light from a simple configuration made of single Ag nanorods supported on Si substrates, where the incident light can be routed toward the two flanks of each nanorod. Such an intriguing far-field scattering behavior, which has not been investigated so far, is proved to result from the near-field coupling between high-aspect-ratio Ag nanorods and high-refractive-index Si substrates. A simple and intuitive model is proposed, where the complicated plasmon resonance is found to be equivalent to several vertically aligned electric dipoles oscillating in phase, to understand the far-field properties of the system. The interference among the electric dipoles results in wavefront reshaping and sidewise light routing in a similar manner to the broadside antenna described in the traditional antenna theory, allowing for the naming of these Si-supported Ag nanorods as "broadside nanoantennas". We have carried out comprehensive experiments to understand the physical origins behind and the affecting factors on the directional scattering behavior of such broadside nanoantennas.