Abstract
The complex permittivity ε*(ω) = ε′(ω) - ε“(ω) was studied for a series of paracetamol (PCM) – propylene glycol (PG) solutions over the broadband frequency range of 20 Hz to 20 GHz at different temperatures ranging from 293.15 K to 323.15 K. Measurements of the complex permittivity were carried out using Agilent Precision LCR meter E4980A with Agilent 16452A liquid test fixture (for 20 Hz to 2 MHz frequency region) and Anritsu Shockline Vector Network Analyser MS46322A with DAK-3.5 probe (for 200 MHz to 20 GHz frequency region). Obtained broadband frequency dependent dielectric data were analyzed to explore the interaction mechanisms and structural behavior of PCM and PG molecules in mixed state in terms of molar PCM concentration and temperature variation. Temperature dependent dc conductivity response of all solutions exhibited Arrhenius behavior from which activation energy was calculated. Microwave complex permittivity data were fitted to the Cole-Davidson model in order to determine dipolar relaxation parameters of the solutions. Dielectric constant and dielectric loss values at a spot frequency of 2.45 GHz were utilized to determine the microwave heating parameters and analyzed in view of its suitability for the microwave dielectric heating in pharmaceuticals. Molecular dynamics simulation study for selected concentrations of PCM in PG was also conducted in order to understand the actual mechanism of H-bonding interactions in the solutions and to justify the inferences derived from the experimental results.
Published Version
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