Abstract
We predict and realize the targeted wavelength conversion from the 1550-nm band of a fs Er:fiber laser to an isolated band inside 370-850 nm, corresponding to a blue-shift of 700-1180 nm. The conversion utilizes resonant dispersive wave generation in widely available optical fibers with good efficiency (~7%). The converted band has a large pulse energy (~1 nJ), high spectral brightness (~1 mW/nm), and broad Gaussian-like spectrum compressible to clean transform-limited ~17 fs pulses. The corresponding coherent fiber sources open up portable applications of optical parametric oscillators and dual-output synchronized ultrafast lasers.
Highlights
The coupling of a pulsed pump laser into a uniform optical fiber has allowed nonlinear conversion of pump wavelengths into wavelengths that are difficult to access, while the pursuit of various favorable conditions has advanced our basic understanding of soliton and dispersive wave dynamics
The 1999 discovery of Ti:sapphire oscillatorinduced octave-spanning continuum [1] stimulated the theoretical tools of reduced Maxwell’s equations, which attributed this phenomenon to the fission of higher-order solitons into redshifted fundamental solitons and their blue-shifted phase-matched dispersive waves [2]
The unusual prediction that long pump pulses are advantageous over short ones for uniform spectral broadening has led to the combination of a ps Yb:fiber master-oscillator-poweramplifier (MOPA) with a dispersion-engineered photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [3]
Summary
The coupling of a pulsed pump laser into a (longitudinally) uniform optical fiber has allowed nonlinear conversion of pump wavelengths into wavelengths that are difficult to access, while the pursuit of various favorable conditions has advanced our basic understanding of soliton and dispersive wave dynamics. The unusual prediction that long pump pulses are advantageous over short (fs) ones for uniform spectral broadening has led to the combination of a ps Yb:fiber master-oscillator-poweramplifier (MOPA) with a dispersion-engineered photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [3] In this platform, the simple soliton-dispersive-wave picture must incorporate a pulse trapping mechanism to synchronize the blue and red expansions of the continuum [4]. The 800-nm μJ pulses from a Ti:sapphire amplifier have been successfully converted to deep-UV (down to 200 nm) dispersive waves in an Ar-filled hollow-core fiber with surprisingly high efficiencies (~7%) (Table 1) [7] This effect has been explained by the reduced Maxwell’s equations [2], and well by the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE) under the slowly varying envelope approximation [5], indicating that complex theoretical models may not be necessary in sub-cycle regime. Ge-doped fibers (1300-1400 nm, 5 cm) Ar-filled hollowcore fiber (700 nm, 20 cm) Low-nonlinearity fibers (890-1313 nm, 9 cm)
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