Abstract
The article presents the findings on the dynamics of the live weight of calves of various breeds in similar climatic conditions in arid regions of the Stavropol Krai of Russia and the steppe zone of Ukraine. It has been established that the live weight of calves of the Hereford, Kazakh white-headed and Kalmyk breeds when raised according to the traditional technology of beef cattle breeding when calves are sucked under cows up to 6-7 months of age, is in relationship with the milk qualities of mothers. At the same time, the live weight of the gray Ukrainian calves was interrelated regarding the live weight at birth and the feeding technology. A positive relationship was shown in the live weight of calves at birth and during their implementation at 15 and 18 months of age. Most effectively animals used pasture fodder in spring and summer. In an arid climate, it is more appropriate to breed specialized cattle belonging to the Hereford breed and then sell them for breeding in other farms in the region.
Highlights
An important source of natural animal protein in the human diet is a beef
Due to the special importance of beef cattle breeding for the development of animal husbandry in the Stavropol region, the fattening contingent is formed from animals of different genotypes and areas of economic use
Optimization of beef quality parameters with regards to genetic and breed factors in pedigree farms of the Stavropol Krai involves the development of two main directions: pedigree beef cattle breeding to obtain a sufficient number of highly productive bulls for pedigree breeding and the creation of new marketable herds, as well as the creation of new commercial beef cattle herds obtained by industrial crossing to gain crossbred highly productive young animals and their subsequent fattening in order to produce high-quality meat products
Summary
An important source of natural animal protein in the human diet is a beef. The one of the most significant components of the development of animal husbandry in the Stavropol Territory is increasing the efficiency of its production. Important components of the technology, which can lead to an increase in the efficiency of raising beef cattle, are the provision of a service period of no more than 400 days, which will ensure the output of at least 85-90 calves per 100 cows; the use of balanced feeding rations will increase the conversion of feed, which in turn will ensure that at least 800 grams of average daily live weight gains are obtained when raising young cattle at the level and cost of feed for an increase of 1 kg of live weight of no more than 10 feed units; the average live weight of young animals when sold for slaughter should not be lower than 450 kg., which will increase the meat content of carcasses to 4.5-4.8 and the yield of high-quality pulp to 85% [4]
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