Abstract
Range-time-frequency distributions of surf-generated noise were measured within the surf zone during the SandyDuck’97 experiment at Duck, NC. A 24-phone, 138-m, bottom-mounted, linear array located along a line perpendicular to the shore at a depth of 1 to 3 m recorded the surf-generated noise. Concurrent video measurements of the location, size, and time evolution of the individual breaking waves directly above the array were made from a nearby 43-m tower. The present paper presents time-averaged source level spectra per unit wavefront length and range-time signatures for both plunging and spilling breakers. The source level spectra are obtained by using a modified fast-field program to account for water column and geoacoustic propagation from the distributed source region to an individual hydrophone. The length and location of the leading edge of breakers are tracked in time from rectified video images. It is observed that the source levels from large spilling breakers are lower (∼5–6 dB) than those produced by large plunging breakers that occurred during the same general time period. Distinguishing characteristics be- tween the range-time signatures of spilling and plunging breakers are also observed. [Work supported by ONR.]
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